A patient presents with persistent vertigo for 3 days and nausea. Examination reveals horizontal nystagmus to the right, positive (abnormal) Head Impulse Test to the left, and absence of skew deviation. What do these findings from the HINTS examination indicate?
Option B is correct because these findings (unidirectional nystagmus, abnormal Head Impulse Test, and absence of skew deviation) strongly indicate a peripheral vestibular lesion, such as vestibular neuritis, and make the diagnosis of stroke unlikely | Option A is incorrect because reassuring HINTS findings (abnormal Head Impulse Test) effectively rule out stroke in the posterior circulation | Option C is incorrect because CT is not sensitive for acute brainstem and cerebellar strokes, and in any case, HINTS findings are reassuring and do not warrant urgent imaging | Option D is incorrect because vestibular migraine rarely causes persistent vertigo for days with spontaneous nystagmus and abnormal Head Impulse Test | Consult a vestibular specialist if symptoms do not improve within 72 hours or if new central neurological symptoms appear, as this may indicate an alternative diagnosis or complications | The single variable that changes the answer: presence of a normal Head Impulse Test (instead of abnormal) in the context of acute vertigo converts the findings to "concerning" and warrants immediate MRI | Consultant Pearl: HINTS examination (Head Impulse Test, Nystagmus, Test of Skew) is more sensitive than early MRI for diagnosing posterior circulation stroke in the first hours | Sources: vertigo.pdf — p. 4; CUMMINGS OTOLARYNGOLOGY–HEAD AND NECK 7th Ed p1.pdf — p. 1075; Scott Browns Otorhinolaryngology 8th edition volume 2 .pdf — p. 824